This page provides a comprehensive overview of the renal system, detailing the anatomy and functions of the kidneys, including filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. It explains glomerular …

For patients with more severe or end-stage kidney disease, dialysis, or the use of a dialyzer machine to filter the blood and remove toxins when kidney function is decreased, is often …

The Renal System The renal system, which is also called the urinary system, is a group of organs in the body that filters out excess fluid and other substances from the bloodstream.

The kidneys help maintain the acid–base balance by excreting hydrogen ions into the urine and reabsorbing bicarbonate from the urine.

Figure 22 3 4: Histology of the Renal Cortex and Renal Medulla. In addition to the renal corpuscles, the cortex of the kidney contains the proximal and distal convoluted tubules (both …

Tubular secretion is the transfer of materials from peritubular capillaries to the renal tubular lumen and occurs mainly by active transport and passive diffusion.

The renal tubules perform two primary functions, reabsorption and secretion. Reabsorption entails the movement of essential substances from the tubules back into the peritubular capillaries, …

Through selective processes in the renal tubules, acidic hydrogen ions and alkaline bicarbonate ions are regulated to help control the body’s pH. The elimination of excess acids or bases in …

Specific hormones and paracrine agents help regulate renal function, blood pressure, and electrolyte balance. Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone Mechanism is a complex system that …

To monitor a patient with impaired function, the most useful serial serum determination would be: creatine creatinine BUN Uric acid Total nonprotein nitrogen The end product of protein …